Safeguarding Nationals Abroad: The Evolution of Consular Rights from the 17th Century to Gui Minhai’s Case

Abstract

Since the 17th century, relations between states have continuously evolved. Within this dynamic framework, the rights of nationals abroad have become a significant concern. International law, particularly the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (1961) and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (1963), safeguards these rights. Consular notification is a crucial right protected for nationals residing in foreign countries, ensuring they receive the necessary support, especially when accused of a crime abroad. Despite ratifying these conventions, many countries today tend to violate these provisions. The case of Gui Minhai underscores the critical importance of adhering to the rules of consular notification.