Investigation of the Effect of Cosmetics on Skin Staphylococci: A Study Case in Surabaya

Abstract

The human skin serves as a protective barrier against various microorganisms. The skin microbiome is a complex community of microorganisms that plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health. The composition of the microbiome includes commensal bacteria that can prevent the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. S. aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogenic bacterium commonly found on the skin and can cause various skin infections. Cosmetics, such as toner, moisturizer, serum, sunscreen, and powder, are commonly used for skincare and can impact the skin microbiome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cosmetics on the growth of Staphylococcus. Samples were collected from healthy individuals who regularly used facial care products. Bacterial colonies were enumerated and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the significance of the effect of cosmetics on Staphylococcus growth. The results showed that the density of Staphylococcus species other than S. aureus was higher, indicating lower levels of S. aureus on the cheek of normal human skin. There was no significant difference in the growth of S. aureus and Staphylococcus spp. species when exposed to cosmetics. However, the density of Staphylococcus species was higher in individuals using serum and moisturizer products. The discussion explored the impact of various cosmetic products on Staphylococcus growth. Toners have some effect on the skin based on the formula, But the effect on Staphylococcus growth is not completely clear. Moisturizers contribute to overall skin health and hydration, which indirectly affects the presence of bacteria. Sunscreens may contain ingredients with antimicrobial properties, but their effect on Staphylococcus growth is still unclear. Serums contain active ingredients that can have inhibitory effects on bacterial growth. The use of powder products may not significantly affect Staphylococcus growth unless they contain specific antimicrobial ingredients. In conclusion, the use of cosmetics did not have a significant impact on the growth of S. aureus and Staphylococcus spp. species. The composition and concentration of active ingredients in cosmetics, as well as individual factors and skin conditions, may influence their effects on the skin microbiome. Maintaining a balanced and healthy skin microbiome is important for skin health and reducing the risk of infections.