A Robust Hybrid Watermarking Scheme Using a New Colour Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on SVD and Arnold Scrambling Technique

Abstract

Regular internet users have led to a dramatic increase in the rate at which digital information is transmitted or shared over the internet. Large-scale copyright infringement is discussed in this guide to show how simple it is to do. Digital multimedia such as photographs, articles, songs, and videos can easily be manipulated or fabricated. For this reason, some have suggested using digital image watermarking (DIW). Therefore, it is necessary to create a blind image watermarking (BIW) technique that outperforms both current BIW and non - BIW methods. In order to improve the BIW system's performance, we need to develop hybrid optimal approaches making use of the combined transformation techniques, which can achieve greater invisibility, robustness, embedding capacity, etc. With the advantages of both SVD and ARS (Arnold Scrambling), a novel hybrid SVD with ARS watermarking embedding and extraction technique is presented, allowing for greater invisibility and effective resilience against a wide range of geometrical and non- geometrical attacks. In addition, an ARS - based optimization method for optimum ESF’s was developed to address issues with constraints in ESF’s, leading to enhanced robustness and imperceptibility compared to the non-optimized case. When compared to other BIW methods in the literature, such as RDWT - SVD, RDWT - PCA with IGWO, RDWT -PCA -SVD with IGWO, and even RDWT -DCT -ARS, the one proposed here using SVD with ARS optimization provides superior robustness and imperceptibility.