Remote Controlled Solar Ploughing Machine

Abstract

India's agricultural sector, which supports the livelihood of about 54% of the population, still relies heavily on traditional and diesel-powered equipment for field operations such as ploughing. This paper presents the design and development of a low-cost, remote-controlled, solar-powered ploughing machine intended for small and marginal farmers. The system uses wireless RF communication to remotely operate the machine from a distance, an Arduino Nano (ATmega328P) microcontroller to regulate the speed of the ploughing DC motor, and a solar panel with a charge controller to recharge the onboard rechargeable battery. By eliminating diesel consumption and manual draft labour, the proposed machine reduces cultivation cost, avoids exhaust emissions, and is simple enough to be operated without specialized training. A working prototype was built and tested, confirming remote operability over short range and functional ploughing action driven entirely by solar-charged battery power.