Formulation and Evaluation of Antifungal Soap Using Latex of Calotropis gigantea L.

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop and evaluate an antifungal herbal soap incorporating latex of Calotropis gigantea using the melt and pour method. The formulation was prepared using a glycerin soap base with varying concentrations (2–5% w/w) of latex as the active antifungal agent. The prepared soaps were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including pH, foam height, hardness, and stability. Antifungal activity was assessed against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using the agar well diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) studies. The results indicated that the formulated soap exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties with pH in the range of 6.8–7.4 and good foaming ability. The antifungal activity showed a concentration-dependent increase, with maximum zones of inhibition of 18 mm and 16 mm against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, respectively. Stability studies confirmed that the formulation remained stable under accelerated conditions without significant changes. Skin irritation studies revealed no adverse reactions, indicating safety for topical use. The study concludes that Calotropis gigantea latex can be effectively utilized in herbal soap formulation to develop a natural, safe, and potent antifungal product.